tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-78819715863569878712024-02-20T00:26:08.448-08:00Lymphedema of the legPat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.comBlogger107125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-84515028380270504312013-05-04T08:44:00.000-07:002013-05-04T08:44:17.888-07:00Pelvic lymphedema in rectal cancer: a magnetic resonance feasibility study: a preliminary report.<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white;">Pelvic lymphedema in rectal cancer: a magnetic resonance feasibility study: a </span><span style="background-color: white;">preliminary report.</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="background-color: white;">Apr 2013</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">Vannelli A, Basilico V, Zanardo M, Caizzone A, Rossi F, Battaglia L, Scaramuzza</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">D.</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">Source</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">Division of Gastrointestinal and Surgical Oncology, Ospedale Valduce, Como,</span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Italy.</span> </span><a href="mailto:info%40albertovannelli.it" style="background-color: white; color: #9136ad; text-decoration: none;">info@albertovannelli.it</a><span style="background-color: white;">.</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #990000;">Abstract</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #b45f06;">BACKGROUND:</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="background-color: white;">Functional pelvic disorders in patients undergoing conservative surgical </span><span style="background-color: white;">approach for rectal cancer are considered a major public health issue and</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">represent one third of cost of colorectal cancer. We investigated the hypothesis </span><span style="background-color: white;">that lymphadenectomy, involves the pelvic floor results in a localized hides or</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">silent pelvic lymphedema characterized by symptoms without signs.</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: orange;">PATIENTS AND METHODS:</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="background-color: white;">We examined 13 colo-rectal cancer patients: five intra-peritoneal </span><span style="background-color: white;">adenocarcinoma: 1 sigmoid and 4 upper third rectal cancer (1 male and 3 </span><span style="background-color: white;">female)and 9 extra-peritoneal adenocarcinoma: 3 middle and 5 lower third rectal</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">cancer (4 male and 5 female) using 1.5-T magnetic resonance, one week before and </span><span style="background-color: white;">twelve months after discharged from hospital.</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: orange;">RESULTS:</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="background-color: white;">Lymphedema was discovered on post-operative magnetic resonance imaging of all 9 </span><span style="background-color: white;">patients with extra-pertitoneal cancer, whereas preoperative magnetic resonance</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">imaging as well as a post-operative examination of 4 intra-peritoneal </span><span style="background-color: white;">adenocarcinoma, revealed no evidence of lymphedema. Unlike the common clinical </span><span style="background-color: white;">skin signs that typify all other sites of lymphedema, pelvic lymphedema is hides </span><span style="background-color: white;">or silent, with no skin changes or any single symptom manifested. Magnetic </span><span style="background-color: white;">resonance imaging showed that pelvic illness alone is accompanied by lymphedema </span><span style="background-color: white;">related exclusively to venous congestion, and accumulation of liquid in adipose</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">tissue or lipedema.</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: orange;">CONCLUSIONS:</span></span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="background-color: white;">Alteration of the pelvic lymphatic network during pelvic surgery can lead to </span><span style="background-color: white;">lymphedema and, pelvic floor disease. Patients should be routinely examined for</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">the possibility of developing this post-surgical syndrome and further studies </span><span style="background-color: white;">are needed to establish diagnosis and to evaluate treatment preferences.</span></span></b></span><br style="background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 15.600000381469727px;" /><br style="background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 15.600000381469727px;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 15.600000381469727px;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23640440">PubMed</a></span><br style="background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 15.600000381469727px;" /><br style="background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 15.600000381469727px;" />Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-5341009145841164822013-04-10T08:21:00.001-07:002013-04-10T08:21:50.403-07:00I have not been well as soon as I am I will again be posting 04/10/13<br />
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<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 19.200000762939453px; line-height: 22.14375114440918px;">I have not been well as soon as I am I will again be posting 04/10/13</span></span></h1>
Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-80425856317636520122013-03-29T10:44:00.000-07:002013-03-29T10:44:14.929-07:00Comparison of lymphoscintigraphy and indocyanine green lymphography for the diagnosis of extremity lymphoedema.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Comparison of lymphoscintigraphy and indocyanine green lymphography for the diagnosis of <span class="highlight">extremity lymphedema.</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Akita%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Akita S</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Mitsukawa%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Mitsukawa N</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kazama%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Kazama T</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kuriyama%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Kuriyama M</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kubota%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Kubota Y</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Omori%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Omori N</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Koizumi%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Koizumi T</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kosaka%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Kosaka K</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Uno%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Uno T</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Satoh%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23523168" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Satoh K</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address: sakita-chiba@umin.ac.jp.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">BACKGROUND:</span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphoscintigraphy is the gold-standard examination for <span class="highlight">extremity</span> <span class="highlight">lymphoedema</span>. Indocyanine green lymphography may be useful for diagnosis as well. We compared the utility of these two examination methods for patients with suspected <span class="highlight">extremity</span> <span class="highlight">lymphoedema</span> and for those in whom surgical treatment of <span class="highlight">lymphoedema</span> was under consideration.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">METHODS:</span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A total of 169 extremities with <span class="highlight">lymphoedema</span> secondary to lymph node dissection and 65 extremities with idiopathic oedema (suspected primary <span class="highlight">lymphoedema</span>) were evaluated; the utility of indocyanine green lymphography for diagnosis was compared with lymphoscintigraphy. Regression analysis between lymphoscintigraphy type and indocyanine green lymphography stage was conducted in the secondary <span class="highlight">lymphoedema</span> group.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">RESULTS:</span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>In secondary oedema, the sensitivity of indocyanine green lymphography, compared with lymphoscintigraphy, was 0.972, the specificity was 0.548 and the accuracy was 0.816. When patients with lymphoscintigraphy type I and indocyanine green lymphography stage I were regarded as negative, the sensitivity of the indocyanine green lymphography was 0.978, the specificity was 0.925 and the accuracy was 0.953. There was a significant positive correlation between the lymphoscintigraphy type and the indocyanine green lymphography stage. In idiopathic oedema, the sensitivity of indocyanine green lymphography was 0.974, the specificity was 0.778 and the accuracy was 0.892.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">CONCLUSION:</span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>In secondary <span class="highlight">lymphoedema</span>, earlier and less severe dysfunction could be detected by indocyanine green lymphography. Indocyanine green lymphography is recommended to determine patients' suitability for lymphaticovenular anastomosis, because the diagnostic ability of the test and its evaluation capability for disease severity is similar to lymphoscintigraphy but with less invasiveness and a <span class="highlight">lower</span> cost. To detect primary <span class="highlight">lymphoedema</span>, indocyanine green lymphography should be used first as a screening examination; when the results are positive, lymphoscintigraphy is useful to obtain further information.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23523168">PubMed</a></b></span></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-86647935008716898852013-03-29T10:39:00.002-07:002013-03-31T10:01:40.194-07:00The Impact of Living With Severe Lower Extremity Lymphedema: A Utility Outcomes Score Assessment.<br />
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">The Impact of Living With Severe <span class="highlight">Lower Extremity</span> <span class="highlight">Lymphedema</span>: A Utility Outcomes Score Assessment.</span></h1>
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<span style="color: #38761d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>March 2013</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Sinno%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23528634" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066; outline: 0px;">Sinno H</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Izadpanah%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23528634" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Izadpanah A</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Tahiri%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23528634" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Tahiri Y</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Christodoulou%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23528634" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Christodoulou G</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Thibaudeau%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23528634" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Thibaudeau S</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Williams%20HB%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23528634" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Williams HB</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Slavin%20SA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23528634" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Slavin SA</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Lin%20SJ%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23528634" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Lin SJ</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #38761d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>From the *Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, †Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and ‡Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #f6b26b;">BACKGROUND: </span><span style="color: #38761d;">Debilitating <span class="highlight">lower extremity</span> <span class="highlight">lymphedema</span> can be either congenital or acquired. Utility scores are an objective measure used in medicine to quantify degrees of impact on an individual's life. Using standardized utility outcome measures, we aimed to quantify the health state of living with severe unilateral <span class="highlight">lower extremity</span> <span class="highlight">lymphedema</span>.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #f6b26b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">METHODS:</span></h4>
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<span style="color: #38761d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A utility outcomes assessment using visual analog scale, time trade-off, and standard gamble was used for <span class="highlight">lower extremity</span> <span class="highlight">lymphedema</span>, monocular blindness, and binocular blindness from a sample of the general population and medical students. Average utility scores were compared using a paired t test. Linear regression was performed using age, race, and education as independent predictors.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #f6b26b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>RESULTS: </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 15.600000381469727px;"> </span><span style="color: #38761d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A total of 144 prospective participants were included. All measures [visual analog scale, time trade-off, and standard gamble; expressed as mean (SD)] for unilateral <span class="highlight">lower extremity</span> <span class="highlight">lymphedema</span>± 0.22, and 0.76 ± respectively) were significantly different from the corresponding scores for monocular blindness (0.64 ± 0.18, 0.84 ± 0.16, and 0.83 ± 0.17, respectively) and binocular blindness and 0.62 ± 0.26, respectively).</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #f6b26b; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large; text-transform: uppercase;"><br /><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #38761d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>We found that a sample of the general population and medical students, if faced with severe <span class="highlight">lymphedema</span>, is willing to theoretically trade 8.64 life-years and undergo a procedure with a 24% risk of mortality to restore <span class="highlight">limb</span> appearance and function to normal. These findings provide a frame of reference regarding the meaning of a diagnosis of severe <span class="highlight">lower extremity</span> <span class="highlight">lymphedema</span> to a patient and will allow objective comparison with other health states.</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23528634">PubMed</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-11660780536348824682013-02-24T09:13:00.000-08:002013-02-24T09:13:07.098-08:00Chronic lymphedema of filarial origin: a very rare etiology of cutaneous lymphangiosarcoma.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Chronic <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> of filarial origin: a very rare etiology of cutaneous lymphangiosarcoma.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Agale%20SV%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23372219" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Agale SV</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Khan%20WA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23372219" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Khan WA</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Chawlani%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23372219" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chawlani K</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Pathology, Grant Medical College and Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, India.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphedema"><span style="color: orange;">Lymphedema</span></a></span><span style="color: #0b5394;">-associated angiosarcoma also known as lymphangiosarcoma is the commonest type of cutaneous angiosarcoma. Post-mastectomy <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> is the most frequent cause, while chronic</span> <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphatic_filariasis"><span style="color: orange;">filarial <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span></span></a> <span style="color: #0b5394;">is one of the most uncommon etiology for development of lymphangiosarcoma. We report a case of a 50 year old male suffering from chronic filarial <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> of right lower extremity, presented with brownish nodules on the right <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">leg</span>, which were diagnosed histopathologically as lymphangiosarcoma.</span></b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3555380/"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>NIH Indian Journal of Dermatology</b></span></a></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>See Also:</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_stewart_treves_syndrome.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Stewart Treves Syndrome</b></span></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_lymphangiosarcoma.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphangiosarcoma</b></span></a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-73874447071138957912013-02-12T08:00:00.001-08:002013-02-12T08:00:37.874-08:00Omental flap for treatment of long standing lymphedema of the lower limb: can it end the suffering? Report of four cases with review of literatures.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Omental flap for treatment of long standing <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphoedema</span> of the lower limb: can it end the suffering? Report of four cases with review of literatures.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Attash%20SM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23396936" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Attash SM</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Al-Sheikh%20MY%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23396936" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Al-Sheikh MY</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Surgery, Ninava Medical College, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;">We report our experience of four cases of long-standing unilateral, secondary </span><a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphedema"><span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphoedema</span> </a><span style="color: #0b5394;">of the</span> <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=leg_lymphedema">lower limb</a>,<span style="color: #0b5394;"> for which conservative treatment has failed, that were treated in our centre using pedicled omental flap. The four patients were followed for a period of 1 year after the procedures and frequent measurements of the circumference of the affected limb revealed a reduction in the circumference ranging between 50% in the first patient to 75% in the fourth patient together with an excellent functional improvement in terms of resuming walking, daily activities, sports and work. We think that pedicled omental flap is an important, relatively easy and safe option that deserves consideration in refractory cases of <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphoedema</span> of the lower limb.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: red;">***</span><span style="color: orange;">Please Note:</span> <span style="color: #b45f06;">This is for informational purposes only. Not to be construed as an endorsement of this procedure. Personally, I feel much more research is imperative including long term and very long term results and potential complications.</span> <span style="color: #38761d;">Pat</span><span style="color: red;">***</span></b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23396936">PubMed</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-84903851120193119472013-02-02T07:29:00.000-08:002013-02-02T07:29:57.065-08:00Postural Drainage and Manual Lymphatic Drainage for Lower Limb Edema in Women with Morbid Obesity After Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Postural Drainage and Manual Lymphatic Drainage for Lower Limb <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Edema</span> in Women with Morbid Obesity After Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Jan 2013</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Bertelli%20DF%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23370584" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bertelli DF</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=de%20Oliveira%20P%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23370584" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">de Oliveira P</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Gimenes%20AS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23370584" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Gimenes AS</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Moreno%20MA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23370584" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Moreno MA</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>From the College of Health Science, Methodist University of Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>OBJECTIVE:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of postural drainage (PD) and manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) techniques on <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">edema</span> in the lower limbs of women with morbid obesity submitted to bariatric surgery.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>DESIGN:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A total of 47 women between 20 and 40 yrs old with a body mass index of 40 kg/m or higher were randomly placed in three groups: control group (n = 15), PD group (PDG, n = 16), and MLD group (n = 16). Lower limb perimetry was carried out in the first and third days of the postoperative period. All patients underwent six sessions of conventional physical therapy, plus additional six sessions of PD for the PDG or six sessions of MLD for the MLD group.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>RESULTS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Intragroup analysis showed volume reductions in the PDG and the MLD group after the treatment protocol. Comparison of the pretreatment and posttreatment deltas among the groups showed a larger change in volume for the PDG compared with the control group and a larger change in volume for the MLD group compared with the control group or the PDG.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The treatment protocols promoted reductions in volume values, suggesting that both techniques could be used to help reduce lower limb <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">edema</span> among this population. Nevertheless, the best results were obtained with MLD.</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23370584">PubMed</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-24346965107566204832013-01-30T09:15:00.001-08:002013-01-30T09:15:31.440-08:00Primary lower limb lymphedema: a focus on its functional, social and emotional impact<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Primary lower limb lymphedema: a focus on its functional, social and emotional impact</b></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: red;">**</span><span style="color: #b45f06;"><i>This is actually an older article that has recently become available through PubMed. It was written in 2010 and after you read this, you will be thinking "three years later and almost no progress has been made!. It speaks of quality of life. Sad and very frustrating. </i></span> <span style="color: #38761d;">Pat</span><span style="color: red;">**</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span class="citation-abbreviation" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Int J Med Sci. </span><span class="citation-publication-date" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2010; </span><span class="citation-volume" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">7</span><span class="citation-issue" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">(6)</span><span class="citation-flpages" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">: 353–357.</span></b></span></div>
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<span class="fm-vol-iss-date" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Published online 2010 October 22.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Symvoulakis%20EK%5Bauth%5D" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Emmanouil K Symvoulakis</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Anyfantakis%20DI%5Bauth%5D" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dimitrios I Anyfantakis</a>,<sup style="border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="[env]" border="0" src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcents/x2709.gif" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="" /></sup> and <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Lionis%20C%5Bauth%5D" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Christos Lionis</a></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7881971586356987871" rid="id845274_ai" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Author information <span style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">►</span></a> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7881971586356987871" rid="id845274_an" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Article notes <span style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">►</span></a> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7881971586356987871" rid="id845274_cpl" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #642a8f;"><span style="font: inherit;">Copyright and License information</span></span><span style="color: #642a8f;"><span style="font: inherit;"> </span></span><span style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font: inherit; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">►</span></a></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 25.200000762939453px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/primary_lymphedema.htm">Primary lymphedema</a> is a rare, chronic and distressing condition with negative effects on physical, social and emotional level. The purpose of these reports was to present and discuss two different cases of primary<a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=leg_lymphedema"> lower limb lymphedema</a> with a focus on its physical and mental impact and on some qualitative aspects of patients' self-reported experiences. The patients were recruited as they used occasional services within the University Hospital of Heraklion (Crete, Greece). The functional and mental impact of primary lymphedema was measured using the generic Medical Outcome Study short form-36 questionnaire and open-ended questions led to give more emphasis to patients' experiences. The analysis of short form-36 results in the first patient disclosed a significant functional impairment with a minor impact of the condition on emotional and social domains. For the second patient quality of life scores in the emotional and social domains were affected. Our findings support further the statement that physicians should pay full attention to appraise the patient's physical and emotional condition. General practitioners have the opportunity to monitor the long-term impact of chronic disorders. Posing simple open-ended questions and assessing the level of physical and mental deficits in terms of well-being through the use of specific metric tools can effectively follow-up rare conditions in the</span> <span style="color: #0b5394;">community.</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 25.200000762939453px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 25.200000762939453px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;">Full text article:</span></b></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2962263/">NIH-International Journal of Medical Sciences</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-87184281679666626702013-01-22T06:07:00.003-08:002013-01-22T06:07:55.440-08:00Lower-Limb Drainage Mapping for Lymphedema Risk Reduction After Pelvic Lymphadenectomy for Endometrial Cancer.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lower-Limb Drainage Mapping for <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lymphedema</span> Risk Reduction After Pelvic Lymphadenectomy for Endometrial Cancer.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Jan 2013</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Bats%20AS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23335621" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bats AS</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Nos%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23335621" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Nos C</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Bensa%C3%AFd%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23335621" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bensaïd C</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Le%20Fr%C3%A8re-Belda%20MA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23335621" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Le Frère-Belda MA</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Collignon%20MA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23335621" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Collignon MA</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Faraggi%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23335621" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Faraggi M</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=L%C3%A8curu%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23335621" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lècuru F</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Medicine and.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Objectives</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Pelvic lymphadenectomy is associated with a significant risk of lower-limb <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span>. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the feasibility of identifying the lower-limb drainage nodes (LLDNs) during pelvic lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer. Secondary objectives were to map lower-limb drainage and to assess the diagnostic value of our mapping technique.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Methods </b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>This prospective study included patients with endometrial cancer requiring pelvic lymphadenectomy, without neoadjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy and without history of lower-limb surgery. A radio pharmaceutical was injected into both feet on the day before surgery. LLDNs were identified using preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative isotopic probe detection, then removed before complete pelvic lymphadenectomy. LLDNs and pelvic lymphadenectomy specimens underwent separate histological analysis.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Results </b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Of the 12 patients with early-stage endometrial cancer, 10 underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, which consistently identified inguinal, femoral, and pelvic LLDNs (detection rate: 100%). The intraoperative detection rate was 83% (10/12). Median number of hot nodes per patient was 5 nodes (range: 3-7) on the right and 3 nodes (range: 2-6) on the left. Of 107 LLDNs, 106 were in the external iliac area, including 38 in the lateral group and 45 in the intermediate and medial </b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23335621">PubMed</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-75525911339016239592013-01-21T08:38:00.000-08:002013-01-21T08:38:01.043-08:00A case report: elephantiasis<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A case report: elephantiasis</b></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>2012</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>[Article in Turkish]</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Karag%C3%B6z%20E%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23169167" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Karagöz E</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Karaahmeto%C4%9Flu%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23169167" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Karaahmetoğlu G</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Acar%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23169167" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Acar A</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Turhan%20V%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23169167" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Turhan V</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Onc%C3%BCl%20O%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23169167" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Oncül O</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=G%C3%B6renek%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23169167" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Görenek L</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi Haydarpaşa Eğitim Hastanesi, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Servisi, İstanbul, Türkiye. drgkara@gmail.com</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare disease and a syndrome that is characterized by the triad of congenital port wine stains, venous malformations with or without varicose veins, bone or soft tissue hypertrophy. Lymphatic filariasis is a filarial disease which usually occurs with genital anomalies, pathologies associated with <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> or elephantiasis caused by a filarial infectious agent. In this case report, a 20-year-old male patient admitted to our clinic for diagnosis and treatment with right <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">leg</span> edema and lesions compatible with dermatological manifestations. In the list of differential diagnosis, filarial elephantiasis was also thought, consequently KTS was diagnosed. (Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2012; 36: 188-90).</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.tparazitolderg.org/text.php3?id=682">TPD</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-37192037015641351362013-01-13T08:34:00.002-08:002013-01-13T08:34:52.601-08:00Development and Validation of a Self-Report Lower-Extremity Lymphedema Screening Questionnaire in Women.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Development and Validation of a Self-Report <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lower-Extremity</span> <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lymphedema</span> Screening Questionnaire in Women.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Jan 2013</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yost%20KJ%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23288911" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Yost KJ</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cheville%20AL%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23288911" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cheville AL</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Weaver%20AL%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23288911" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Weaver AL</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Al%20Hilli%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23288911" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Al Hilli M</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Dowdy%20SC%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23288911" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dowdy SC</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>K.J. Yost, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St W, Rochester, MN 55905 (USA).</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>BACKGROUND:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Patient-reported signs and symptoms are often the first indication of clinically relevant <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>OBJECTIVE:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Develop and assess the diagnostic accuracy of a screening questionnaire to detect <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lower extremity </span><span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> (LEL) among normal weight and obese women.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>DESIGN:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Cross-sectional survey study.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>METHODS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>We reviewed existing questionnaires assessing upper <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">extremity</span> <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> (UEL) for potential questions and worked with content experts to generate new items. A draft questionnaire with 59 items was reviewed by 5 physicians and 5 physical therapists specialized in <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> management and 5 female patients with clinically confirmed <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">secondary</span> LEL. A revised questionnaire with 45 items was administered by mail (n=186) or in a <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> clinic waiting area (n=28) to women with clinically confirmed LEL (cases, n=116) or UEL (controls, n=70). A parsimonious subset of items that best discriminated patients with and without LEL was identified using chi-square tests and logistic regression. Sensitivity and specificity for detecting LEL were estimated for the entire sample and for subsamples defined by obesity (BMI ≥30 versus < 30), which may confound the accurate diagnosis of LEL.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>RESULTS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Questionnaires were completed by 127 women (LEL n=88; UEL n=39). A sum of 13 items (score range 0-52) was the most discriminating. Using a cutoff score of ≥5 points, the sensitivity and specificity for detecting LEL among all participants were 95.5% and 86.5%, respectively and 94.8% and 76.5% for obese participants.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>LIMITATIONS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>By enumerating a sample with a high prevalence of LEL, we may have introduced spectrum bias, which may affect the accuracy of our screening questionnaire.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Our brief, 13-item self-report questionnaire is a sensitive and specific tool for detecting clinically relevant LEL among women, including those with BMI ≥30.</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://ptjournal.apta.org/content/early/2013/01/03/ptj.20120088.long">Physical Therapy</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-25438379249058881912013-01-07T08:16:00.000-08:002013-01-07T08:26:03.887-08:00Caring for the lymphedema foot<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Caring for the lymphedema foot</b></span><br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>January 2013</b></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;">Most people who have</span> <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=leg_lymphedema">leg lymphedema</a> <span style="color: #0b5394;">also will have foot involvment. Thus, taking care of our feet becomes even more critical for</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="lymphedema">lymphedema</a> <span style="color: #0b5394;">patients.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;">Feet that have damaged skin, cuts, scrapes or any open areas become entry foci for bacterial </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=infections_associated_with_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="infections_associated_with_lymphedema">infections associated with lymphedema</a> <span style="color: #0b5394;">infections. Feet with unhealthy skin can become an open door for foot fungal infections. Both can cause further</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=complications_of_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="complications_of_lymphedema">complications</a> <span style="color: #0b5394;">and worsening of our lymphedema.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Keith Smiley</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;">The</span> <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphnet.org/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphnet.org">National Lymphedema Network</a> <span style="color: #0b5394;">(NLN) has been flooded with questions regarding foot and ankle care for patients with lower extremity lymphedema. Dr. Joseph Hewitson, a San Francisco Podiatrist, who has worked with many lymphedema patients, provided NLN a list of guidelines and suggestions for proper foot care for people suffering from lower extremity lymphedema. These guidlelines are excerpted from The July NLN newsletter.</span></b></span></div>
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<i><span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Wear shoes. </b></span></i></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>I love going barefoot, but with lymphedema, this can be downright dangerous and can give bacteria a splendid opening for an infection. Resist that temptation to go barefoot.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Make sure you don't provide an opportunity in your shoes for bacteria or fungus spores to hide and grow. I personally use an antifungal powder in even my street shoes.</b></span></div>
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<i><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Nail Care</b></span></i><br />
<b style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-large;"><br /></b>
<b style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Be sure to trim your toenails, but not necessarily straight across. If the corners have grown into the skin, trim the offending border.</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>If you get an infection, you should remove that side of the nail to resolve the infection. Antibiotics often will not work because an abscess (walled off infection) has occurred. Soaking may only provide temporary relief.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A lymphedema patient should never undergo a chemical matrisectomy (destroying root growth matrix with a chemical to permanently remove nail).</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Fungal nails are common in lymphedema patients and should be soaked in 1:1 vinegar/water solution for 20 minutes, with antifungal solution applied afterwards.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Routine foot care every three months with a podiatrist if possible or your physician.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Meticulous nail care decreases the chance for inflammation and infection.</b></span></div>
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<i><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Taking Care of your Toes</b></span></i></div>
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</div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The inner spaces between your toes need to be kept clean and dry.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Soaking in a 1:1 vinegar/water solution for 20 minutes at least once a week and running a piece of gauze between your toes to remove any debris will help keep your web spaces clean.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Using a drying agent/antifungal solution like Castelani's Paint decrease chances of irritation and infection.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Applying lambs wool (see your pharmacist) between the toes allows the web greater breathability.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Open toed compression garments will also allow greater breathability, as will breathable footwear that is fitted correctly.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Dr. Hewitson says that proper footwear is very important. He says always buy your shoes at the time of day when your foot is most swollen (usually the end of the day). If you wear a compression garment, make sure you fit your shoes to accommodate this. Good athletic shoes are excellent to wear because they are more supportive, and more breathable. For very large feet, a Velcro strap shoe is usually more accommodating.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>If you have painful corns and calluses, they should be routinely trimmed by a podiatrist or practitioner. Never use any callous removal pads, because they can cause burns and infections.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Dr. Hewitson also says to always work with reputable practitioners who are willing to further educate themselves on lymphedema. He adds, you may be their best and only teacher.</b></span></div>
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<a class="urlextern" href="http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/lymphedema/72125" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/lymphedema/72125"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Suite 101</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><i><span style="color: #b45f06;">Simple measures which will promote healthy skin</span></i><span style="color: #b45f06;">:</span></b></span></div>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>1. Inspect the skin daily for any crack, cuts or dry areas. Check carefully areas with reduced sensation or where there are skin folds.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>2. Clean skin daily with non-perfumed soap</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>3. Dry skin completely, especially the area between the toes</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>4. Keep skin supple. Use a Iow pH lotion as Eucerin to keep the skin moist and pliable.</b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>5. Check fingernails and toenails for any signs of infection, cracks, fungus, or hangnails. Do not cut nails or cuticles. Use an emery board.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>6. Call your doctor at the first signs of any infection, redness or high temperature.</b></span></div>
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<i><span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>For Further Information on the skin, skin care, foot care, possible complications and infections, please see the below listed pages:</b></span></i></div>
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</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=infections_associated_with_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="infections_associated_with_lymphedema"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Infections Associated with Lymphedema</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=skin_care" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="skin_care"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Skin Care</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=blisters" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="blisters"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Blisters</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=calluses" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="calluses"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Calluses</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=bunions" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="bunions"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Bunions</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=fungal_infections_associated_with_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="fungal_infections_associated_with_lymphedema"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Fungal Infections Associated with Lymphedema</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=how_to_have_healthy_nails" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="how_to_have_healthy_nails"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>How to Have Healthy Nails</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=corns" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="corns"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Corns</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_antibiotics.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_antibiotics.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Antibiotics</b></span></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
<a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_cellulitis.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_cellulitis.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Cellulitis</b></span></a></div>
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<a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_lymphorrhea.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_lymphorrhea.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphorrhea</b></span></a></div>
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<a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_skin_conditions_skin_.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_skin_conditions_skin_.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Skin Conditions and Skin Growths</b></span></a></div>
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<a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_skin_infections.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_skin_infections.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Skin Infections</b></span></a></div>
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<a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_skin_functions.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_skin_functions.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Skin Functions</b></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://lymphedemaville.wordpress.com/2008/10/29/wrapping-the-toes-lymphedema-illustrated/">Wrapping Lymphedema Toes</a> <span style="color: #0b5394;">- illustrated</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><a href="http://lymphedemaville.wordpress.com/2008/10/29/leg-wrap-lymphedema-illustrated-2/">Wrapping the Lower Limb (Leg) with Lymphedema</a> </span><span style="color: #0b5394;">- illustrated</span></b></span></div>
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<a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=817" rel="nofollow" style="background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=817"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Multilayer Compression Bandaging of the Lymphedema Leg</b></span></a></div>
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<br />Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-79968718346663143422013-01-01T06:58:00.002-08:002013-01-01T06:58:30.817-08:00Lymphovenous Microsurgical Shunts in Treatment of Lymphedema of Lower Limbs: A 45-year Experience of One Surgeon/One Center.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphovenous Microsurgical Shunts in Treatment of <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lymphedema</span> of Lower Limbs: A 45-year Experience of One Surgeon/One Center.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Dec 2012</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Olszewski%20WL%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23273901" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Olszewski WL</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Surgical Research & Transplantology, Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: wlo@cmdik.pal.pl.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>RATIONALE:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The use of microsurgical lymphovenous shunts is one of the generally accepted treatments for limb <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>AIM:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The 45-year personal experience of one surgeon in indications, technique and results of lymphovenous shunt operations in lower limb <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> of varying etiology is presented.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>MATERIAL:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>One thousand three hundred patients were followed up in the period 1966-2011. Patients were classified into groups according to the etiology of <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> as postinflammatory/posttraumatic, postsurgical, idiopathic and hyperplastic. Decrease in limb circumference, heaviness and pain, and increase in joint flexing were evaluated.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>RESULTS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The most satisfactory results, reaching 80-100% improvement, were obtained in the congenital non-hereditary hyperplastic <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> group, with large lymphatics not previously damaged by infection. Results were also satisfactory in the group of cancer patients after iliac lymphadenectomy, reaching 80%. A less satisfactory outcome was observed in the postinflammatory group, not exceeding 30-40%. In idiopathic <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> results were satisfactory in only a few cases.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Patients with <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> with local segmental obstruction but still partly patent distal lymphatics and without an active inflammatory process in the skin, subcutaneous tissue and lymph vessels present satisfactory results.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: red;">**</span><span style="color: orange;">Editor's note: Please understand this procedure while showing great promise is still classified as experimental. Also, note the particular "types" of lymphedema and patients that appear to have the best results.</span> <span style="color: orange;">See RESULTS</span> - <span style="color: #38761d;">Pat</span><span style="color: red;">**</span></b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23273901"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">PubMed</span></a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-85205768958263032712012-12-26T07:52:00.001-08:002012-12-26T07:52:46.060-08:00Lymphedema Elephantiasis Verrucosa Nostra<br />
Lymphedema Elephantiasis Verrucosa Nostra<br />
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Vascular Malformation<br />
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<img height="330" src="http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/data/images/lymphedema_1_060802.jpg" width="400" /><br />
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<img height="223" src="http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/data/images/elephantiasis_verrucosa_nostra_1_050831.jpg" width="400" /><br />
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<img height="283" src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQFtwK9VHjfeiBabrnykHm6ieUm1_X0OQIWBjQJ470jk0iEHgxrxg" width="400" /><br />
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<a href="http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/image/lymphedema_1_060802">DermAtlas</a><br />
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<img src="http://medtube.net/images/min/1d3d6cb6ad2d65a22f7202ee48687192/950/950/0" /><br />
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<a href="http://medtube.net/gastroenterology/medical-pictures/9719-elephantiasis-nostras-verrucosa-on-the-legs-with-morbid-obesity-3-of-5">MedTube</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.theaidsreader.com/image/image_gallery?img_id=1293929&t=1222199029556" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="254" src="http://www.theaidsreader.com/image/image_gallery?img_id=1293929&t=1222199029556" width="400" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.theaidsreader.com/display/article/1145619/1315506">The AIDS Reader</a>Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-56675578079372922192012-12-25T08:27:00.007-08:002012-12-25T08:27:53.690-08:00A prospective study in detection of lower-limb lymphedema and evaluation of quality of life after vulvar cancer surgery.<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A prospective study in detection of <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lower-limb</span> <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> and evaluation of quality of life after vulvar cancer surgery.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Jul 2012</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Novackova%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22683942" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Novackova M</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Halaska%20MJ%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22683942" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Halaska MJ</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Robova%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22683942" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Robova H</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Mala%20I%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22683942" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Mala I</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Pluta%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22683942" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pluta M</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Chmel%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22683942" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chmel R</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Rob%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=22683942" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rob L</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2nd Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic. marta.novackova@seznam.cz</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>BACKGROUND:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Lower-limb</span></span> <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphedema">lymphedema</a></span> <span style="color: #0b5394;">is one of the most disabling adverse effects of vulvar cancer surgery. Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (MFBIA) is a modern noninvasive method to detect <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span>. The first aim of this study was to prospectively determine the prevalence of secondary <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lower-limb</span> <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> after surgical treatment for vulvar cancer using objective methods, circumference measurements and MFBIA technique. The second aim was to compare quality of life (QoL) before and 6 months after vulvar surgery.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>METHODS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;">Twenty-nine patients underwent vulvar cancer surgery in our study: 17 underwent inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy (RAD), and 12 underwent</span> <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=sentinel_node_biopsy">sentinel lymph node biopsy </a><span style="color: #0b5394;">(CONS). Patients were examined before and 6 months after vulvar surgery by measuring the circumference of the <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lower</span> limbs and with MFBIA. A control group of 27 healthy women was also measured. To evaluate QoL, the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QoL questionnaires (QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CX24) were administered to patients before and 6 months after surgery.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #9fc5e8; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>RESULTS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Using circumference measurement, 9 lymphedemas (31%) were diagnosed: 3 (25%) in the CONS and 6 (37.5%) in the RAD group (P = 0.69). After vulvar surgery, patients in the RAD group reported more fatigue and worsening of physical and role functioning. When comparing both groups, the RAD group had significantly worse parameters in social functioning, fatigue, and dyspnea.</b></span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<h4 style="border: 0px; float: left; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0.25em 0px 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #9fc5e8; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b></span></h4>
<div style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lower</span> radicality in inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy shows a trend toward <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lower</span> morbidity and significantly improves QoL. Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis was tested in these patients as a noninvasive, objective method for <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> detection. Detection of <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> based on subjective evaluations proved to have an unsatisfactory sensitivity. Less radical surgery showed objectively better results in QoL.</b></span></div>
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<div style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="http://journals.lww.com/ijgc/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2012&issue=07000&article=00028&type=abstract">Lippincott, Wilkins, Williams</a></div>
</div>
Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-83737774665743116242012-12-25T08:21:00.002-08:002012-12-25T08:21:21.068-08:00Distichiasis-lymphedema syndrome with optic disc pit<br />
<h1 class="content-title" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 1em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Distichiasis-lymphedema syndrome with optic disc pit</b></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><i>Leg Lymphedema</i></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Jan-Feb 2011</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span class="citation-abbreviation" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Indian J Ophthalmol. </span><span class="citation-publication-date" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2011 Jan-Feb; </span><span class="citation-volume" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">59</span><span class="citation-issue" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">(1)</span><span class="citation-flpages" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">: 71–72.</span></b></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 25.520000457763672px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="doi" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>doi: </b></span> <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.4103%2F0301-4738.73703" ref="reftype=other&article-id=3032255&issue-id=193904&journal-id=797&FROM=Article%7CFront%20Matter&TO=Content%20Provider%7CCrosslink%7CDOI&rendering-type=normal" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" target="pmc_ext">10.4103/0301-4738.73703</a></span></div>
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<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; line-height: 25.520000457763672px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="half_rhythm" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 20.399999618530273px; margin: 0.6923em 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="contrib-group fm-author" style="border: 0px; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kaarthigeyan%20K%5Bauth%5D" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">K Kaarthigeyan</a>,<sup style="border: 0px; font-size: 0.8461em; font: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"></sup><sup style="border: 0px; font-size: 0.8461em; font: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"></sup> <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ramprakash%20M%5Bauth%5D" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">M Ramprakash</a>,<sup style="border: 0px; font-size: 0.8461em; font: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">1</sup> and <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kalpana%20G%5Bauth%5D" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">G Kalpana</a><sup style="border: 0px; font-size: 0.8461em; font: inherit; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">2</sup></div>
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<div class="fm-panel small half_rhythm" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 1.6363em; margin: 0.6923em 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="togglers" style="border: 0px; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7881971586356987871" rid="id996967_ai" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Author information <span style="border: 0px; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">►</span></a> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7881971586356987871" rid="id996967_cpl" style="border: 0px; color: #642a8f; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Copyright and License information</a></div>
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<div id="__p1" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 25.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.6923em; margin-top: 0.6923em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Dear Editor,</b></span></div>
<div id="__p2" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 25.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.6923em; margin-top: 0.6923em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>An eight-year old boy, first born to third degree consanguineous parents, presented with right leg swelling for three months, with gradual onset, which progressed up to knee. There was no history of fever, injury, abdominal pain or contact with tuberculosis. He was treated with anti-filarial drugs elsewhere. At two years of age, he had frequent episodes of redness and constant rubbing of eyes and was then diagnosed to have double-rowed eye lashes involving all four eyelids and the extra rows of lashes were cauterized and removed elsewhere. The boy still continued to be symptomatic. None of the other family members had similar complaints.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>On examination, he had right lower limb edema, which was from the knee downward. There were no bony deformities or vertebral anomalies. Systemic examination was normal. He had mild congestion of both eyes. His visual acuity was 20/20; N6 in both eyes, and had no refractory error. Slit-lamp examination revealed distichiasis. focal area of loss of eyelashes and depigmentation of skin was noted in the left upper eyelid. Fundus examination revealed an optic disc pit in the left eye and the macula was normal</b></span></div>
<div id="__p3" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 25.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.6923em; margin-top: 0.6923em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Blood parameters were normal. Night smears for microfilaria were negative. Ultrasonography (USG) abdomen, echocardiogram, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) spine, and vascular Doppler studies of both limbs were normal. Isotope lymphoscintigraphy confirmed the lymphedema. The parents were also screened and found to be normal. A clinical diagnosis of distichiasis-lymphedema syndrome (DLS) was made. Conservative management for symptomatic distichiasis, with lubrication and epilation was carried out, advice for Amsler test at home periodically and stockings for lymphedema were given. The parents were genetically counseled for prevention of secondary complications such as, cellulitis, foot infections, and varicose veins.</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Figure 1" height="278" src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032255/bin/IJO-59-71-g001.gif" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Full Text Article:</b></span></div>
<div id="__p3" style="border: 0px; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font: inherit; line-height: 25.200000762939453px; margin-bottom: 0.6923em; margin-top: 0.6923em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032255/">Indian Journal of Opthalmology</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-61521674964534157552012-12-20T07:44:00.000-08:002012-12-20T07:44:44.386-08:00Lymph nodes of the foot<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymph nodes of the foot</b></span><br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymph supply of the feet</b></span><br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<img height="143" src="http://www.bellissimabeauty.co.uk/feet2.gif" width="400" /><br />
<br />
Bellissimabeauty<br />
<br />
<b style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-large;">Lymph supply of the feet</b><br />
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<img height="260" src="http://images.3d4medical.com/_a/stills/3D4_POS_24315.jpg" width="400" /><br />
<br />
<br />
3d4 Medical<br />
<br />
<img height="327" src="http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/15400/15466/footsprlymph_15466_lg.gif" width="400" /><br />
<br />
ClipArt<br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>See also:</b></span><br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymph_nodes">Lymph nodes</a></b></span>Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-90864095756601626332012-12-20T07:26:00.000-08:002012-12-20T07:26:46.527-08:00Popliteal lymph nodes<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Popliteal lymph nodes - located in the knee area</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">The small </span><span style="background-color: white;"><span class="search_hit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">popliteal</span><span style="text-align: justify;"> </span><span class="search_hit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">lymph</span><span style="text-align: justify;"> </span><span class="search_hit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">nodes</span></span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"> are four or five in number and surround the </span><span class="search_hit" style="background-color: white; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">popliteal</span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"> veins and arteries. They are clustered at the back part of the leg behind the knee joint. They help collect excess fluids from your feet and legs.</span></b></span><br />
<br />
<img src="http://www.oganatomy.org/atlas/popcontents.gif" /><br />
<br />
<br />
<ul style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">
<li><span style="font-size: x-small;">Popliteal artery and its branches</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: x-small;">Popliteal vein and its tributaries</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: x-small;">Tibial and common peroneal nerves.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: x-small;">Termination of the small saphenous vein.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lower part of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: x-small;">Popliteal lymph nodes, connective tissue and fat.</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.oganatomy.org/projanat/gross/8/two1.htm">Organatomy</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<img height="400" src="http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/71257/Pictures%20Library/POPLITEAL%20LYMPH%20NODES.jpg" width="369" /><br />
<br />
<a href="http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/71257/Pictures%20Library/Forms/AllItems.aspx">King Saud University</a><br />
<br />
<img height="640" src="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_13/13-4_files/IMAGE001.JPG" width="405" /><br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_13/13-4.HTM">Dartmouth</a>Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-45513527109368877362012-12-20T07:17:00.000-08:002012-12-20T07:17:53.806-08:00Leg and Inguinal Lymph Nodes<br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The inguinal nodes - groin area. I had a <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphangiogram">lymphangiogram</a> done in 1966 and a <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphoscintigraphy">lymphoscintigraphy</a> done in 2006 - and they showed me missing significant numbers of inguinal nodes. In 1962, when I was nine years old, I had an inguinal node removed due to <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:necrosis">necrosis</a> from <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_cellulitis.htm">cellulitis</a> - in left leg.</b></span><br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>In 2000, I had a <a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=small_needle_biopsy">small needle biopsy</a> on an inguinal node in the right leg. Yep....it was positive.</b></span><br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>In 1995, I was diagnosed with mixed b-cell lymphoma.</b></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<img height="400" src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTFhFjfpKJ2oBGqEaTElxRNda_6foXlNx8T2ZYO-BZYjWtTXwaIww" width="299" /><br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.wellsphere.com/pictures/enlarged-groin-lymph-nodes">Wellsphere</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<img height="400" src="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQir0KGsWvIAFj976ANwOOuYjRvjOtboSHCescjypKhFWmbaFoW" width="325" /><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk/OURSERVICES/CANCERSERVICES/SKIN/Pages/HowtoCheckYourLymphNodes.aspx">Plymouth Hospitals</a><br />
<br />
<img height="315" src="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=glossary:inguinal_nodes.jpg" width="400" /><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:inguinal_nodes">Lymphedema People</a><br />
<br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymph nodes - female. Though the abdominal nodes will be different due to different organs, the inguinal nodes remain the same.</b></span><br />
<br />
<img height="400" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/healthtap-public/ht-staging/user_answer/reference_image/11583/large/Tender_lymph_nodes.jpeg?1349485849" width="362" /><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.healthtap.com/#topics/swollen-right-groin-lymph-node">Healthtap</a><br />
<br />
<img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/hopkins_production/encyclopedia/176.jpg" /><br />
<br />
<a href="http://hopkins.portfolio.crushlovely.com/reference/article/lymphoma-hodgkins-hodgkins-disease">Hopkins</a>Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-84664063358996843712012-12-13T11:44:00.004-08:002012-12-13T11:44:38.542-08:00Lymphoscintigraphy in unilateral lower limb and scrotal lymphedema caused by filariasis.<br />
<h1 style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 1.125em; margin: 0.375em 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphoscintigraphy in unilateral lower limb and scrotal <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span> caused by filariasis.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Dec 2012</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="auths" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Subramanyam%20P%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23222136" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Subramanyam P</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Palaniswamy%20SS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23222136" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Palaniswamy SS</a>.</b></span></div>
<div class="aff" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font: inherit; line-height: 1.0915em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Nuclear Medicine and PETCT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lymphedema</span> is the edema that results from chronic lymphatic insufficiency. Lymphatic filariasis is caused by the filarial nematodes Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. Lymphatic filariasis is common in tropical and subtropical regions. Early diagnosis and prompt therapy can be implemented using lymphoscintigraphy. Our patient is a 15-year-old boy presenting with a 3-month history of hydrocele. The patient was referred to us to rule out any lower limb lymphatic obstruction as the patient is from an endemic area. Tc Sulfur colloid (filtered) lymphoscintigraphy showed abnormal tracer collection in the scrotum and penis. There is associated dermal backflow or stasis in the left thigh region extending just above the knee, suggesting partial obstruction of left inguinal lymphatic channels.</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.ajtmh.org/content/87/6/963.long"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>AJTMH</b></span></a></div>
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>See also:</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=leg_lymphedema"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Leg Lymphedema</b></span></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphoscintigraphy"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphoscintigraphy</b></span></a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-52372981072828605622012-12-02T12:44:00.004-08:002012-12-02T12:44:58.911-08:00How to Bandage Wrap the Lymphedema Leg<br />
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<span style="color: #cc6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>How to Bandage Wrap the Lymphedema Leg</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>One of the best posts on how to wrap a leg…from one of my online members:</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Since you have the swelling in the feet (and toes), it is probably lymphedema, perhaps compounded with lipedema. The traditional bandaging technique is with a stockinet, then some artiflex (cotton padding), and lastly, the bandages. I bandage directly over the skin. The padding is supposed to even out if you should constrict some part of the bandaging, causing the lymph not to flow, but the bandages are really not like rubber bands – properly spaced and overlapped, they will not cause constriction – and the artiflex is a pain. The stockinet is just another thing to wash and dry. I went to a bandage supplier (now out of business) and found that they have new bandages that are thick enough to be used without layering (e.g. the stockinet and padding).</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Perhaps this is the way to go, or perhaps you want to bother with stockinets and padding. If you were seeing a therapist, they would also use foam instead of artiflex (just cotton padding). Some pictures of bandaging look absolutely monstrous. My so called therapist used some foam, etc., but I soon discovered that the leg went down more without it. The pad is supposed to “spread” the compression so there is no binding – but what really happens is all the elasticity of the bandages goes to compressing the FOAM – not compressing your leg. A little compression trickles down to the actual leg, but my experience was that the swelling went down better without the extra stuff. However, since this is against tradition, you should at least be aware if any part of your leg feels too tight, and, if so redo the bandages (which is at least an hour for two legs – and bandages that were OK while you were up and around can suddenly become too tight in the middle of the night – which means you have to get up and do it again.) </b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Anyway, with or without stockinet and padding, here is one technique for bandaging:</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Materials (1 large leg not grossly larger than normal (I am 5'9” and the calf measure is 21” and I have wide, swollen feet - if you are substantially larger, you may need more)</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>optional: stockinet, artiflex, foam</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>required:</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>1 roll 1” professional strength masking tape. 1 ea 3” strip of heavy padding around the ankles 1 ea 1” x 5m medi-rip 2 ea 8 cm. x 5 m short stretch bandages 1 ea 10 cm x 10 m short stretch bandages 1 ea 6 cm x 5 m short stretch bandages.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Double for 2 legs, if you are very much larger than me, add another 1 ea 10 cm. x 5 m short stretch bandage for each leg.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>I sit on my bed and have a low table I can rest my foot on, but two chairs will work also (one to sit on and one to put your foot on).</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Wrap the 3” strip of heavy padding (or chock pads) around the ankles. The figure 8's you are making around your foot and from the foot onto the leg will tend to bind right at the intersection of the foot and leg (where the 90” turn is made. This is the only place padding is essential.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Secure it with masking tape. Secure all the bandages after they have been wrapped with masking tape. Cut a lot of 5” strips of masking tape and have them ready. Stick them on the edge of the table, or a windowsill, or something.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>First hold all the bandages so that you are drawing from the bottom of the bandage cylinder (the bandages rolled up are a cylinder), not the top. A little experimentation will show you that this is much easier.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Start with the 1” medi-rip (it is a self cohesive bandage, but looses some of the self cohesion with laundering). Use this tiny bandage to bandage along the toe line. That is, make the same arc that the joints of the toes to the feet make. Do not bind the toes. If you can, wrap each toe with it, but I find that this binds the toes and hurts, so I leave my toes unwrapped, even though they swell, but if you start with the larger short stretch bandages, there will be a half moon that swells even more (Since if you make a straight circle from just below the little toe to just below the big toe, this will leave some area of foot not bandaged and the lymph will be pushed into this area, and it will be worse than before. The little 1” medirip can be wrapped in a curved path that covers all of the foot. Overlap this 1” medirep by 1/2 and continue winding it around your foot until you get to the end of the arch, then take it up diagonally over the top of the foot, and you will still have enough bandage to wrap again just under the toe line again for a few wraps. The medi wrap has strands of elastic in an otherwise cotton strip, so pull the medirip tight (that is the elastic is extended, but not to the point of discomfort).</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>When you wrap the bandages, pull a bit at the end of each circle, but do not stretch them too hard, or with constant tension as far as they will stretch. You want them to exert a little spring, but don't strangle your legs. If you get them too tight, it will hurt, and you must undo your wrapping and redo it (a big pain). If you don't stretch them a little, they won't have much compression. Of course, it's always the bottom bandages on the feet that hurt, so you have to unwrap the whole deal to get to them.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Next,step 2 take a 8 cm. x 5 m short stretch bandage, and start at the tip of the foot, but do not bind any toes, and since you already have the medi-rip, allow a little breathing space to make sure you don't bind toes. Then wind around your foot overlapping the bandages by about 1/2 to 2/3 (I probably overlap 2/3) until you have gotten almost to the leg (your foot should be at a 90 degree angle to the leg, and for me this is 2 or 3 wraps), then go around the heel itself, and, as you come off the other side of the heel, take the bandage diagonally up on the top of the foot to just below the top of the first wrap (just under the bottom of the big toe), go around the bottom of the foot, and then bring the bandage back around the ankle just above the heel, then around the ankle, and back up diagonally across the top of the foot just like before, overlapping 1/2 to 2/3 of the previous path. This will make large figure 8s.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Continue with the figure 8's each layer a little higher around the ankle, until you again are wrapping just in front of the leg (no more space to do another figure 8) and use the rest of the bandages going in straight circles (not figure 8's) around the ankles.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Next,step 3 take the second 8 cm x 5 meter short stretch bandage, and start at the base of the leg (around the ankles), go around once or twice, to anchor the bandage, then on the next turn go down around the bottom of the foot close to the heel, and then around the bottom of the foot and then over and up around the leg, then continue making figure 8's up the leg overlapping by about 2/3.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>To make a figure 8 around the leg, on one side of the front of the leg, the bandage is going uphill (or towards your knee), then it goes more or less straight around the back of the leg at the high end of the 8, then goes downhill (or towards the foot), as you come across the front of the leg again, then more or less straight across the back of the leg at the low end of the 8 and then up again for the next figure 8. On me, this bandage is finished just about at the beginning of the calf (a little above the bottom of the muscle – it would be ideal if this bandage ended just before the muscle begins, but it will be a bit different for everyone depending of how much they overlap and how large their leg is.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Next,step 4 do figure 8's with the 10 cm x 10 m bandage. Begin at the bottom of the leg with the beginning of the bandage facing upward, so the first direction is in a downward direction, (the end pointing up) coming around and then going up again. The 10 cm x 10 m bandage should take you up to just below the knee, but if the legs are very large, you may need another 10 cm. bandage. Each course of the figure 8 should overlap a little less or evenly, but not more than the previous course. The more you overlap the greater the compression, and you must always have less compression proximally (towards your heart) than distally (towards your toes).</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Finally,step 5 take the last 6 cm. x 5 meter short stretch bandage and start at about mid calf or a little higher, and wind in straight circles until just below and as close as possible to the knee. This last bandage gives compression over the tops of the top 8's where there is not as much overlap, and sort of holds it all up, as the circumference of the leg is actually smaller at the knee than at the mid calf (doesn't slide down because a smaller circle would have to slide over a larger circumference of the leg).</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>I have been complemented on my ability to wrap, but It is hard to know if a novice can make much sense of my directions – but I tried. You don't see to many photographs of the figure 8's, but they give more compression and stay up better, and bind less. You will get the general idea of winding up the leg, and overlap by looking at the photographs, however. It may seem complicated to follow my directions (I tried to be clear), but the real technique is not very hard at all.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The new thick bandages that do not need padding (padding is included) are : KomprimED. They are located on the bandagesplus web site under bandages, then under two way stretch bandages. I think you should start with these, as the padding may be more important for someone who is just beginning bandages. This is much simpler than all those stupid layers.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>*Soft and comfortable directly on patient's skin *Thicker texture avoids application of foam and padding in many cases *Suitable for lymphedema and venous ulcers *Patient-friendly application requires less layers *All bandages are short-stretch/low stretch KomprimED 4cmx5m</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #000099;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Other wise, the standard short stretch bandages are rosidal or comprilan. I use rosidal. The medi-rip is under the section cohesive bandages on page 2 under the more general category bandages.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Suppliers of Bandages, Wrapping materials and Supplies:</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.lymphedemaproducts.com/"><b>Lymphedema Products</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.bandagesplus.com/"><b>Bandages Plus</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.lymphedemastore.com/"><b>Academy of Lymphatic Studies - Academy Store</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.drapersfitness.com/"><b>Drapers Fitness - Lymphedema Bandages</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.allegromedical.com/"><b>Allegro Medical</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.discountsurgical.com/"><b>Discount Surgical Stockings</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.juzousa.com/"><b>Juzo Stockings</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ff6600; line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://bio-con.com/index.html"><b>Bio Concepts</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://ewellness.com/search/129"><b>eWellness</b></a></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 24px;">
<span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.firstaid-direct.co.uk/short-stretch-bandages.htm"><b>First Aid Direct</b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="" id="suppliers_of_arm_wraps_compression_garments_and_sleeves" name="suppliers_of_arm_wraps_compression_garments_and_sleeves"><span style="color: #ff6600;">Suppliers of leg compression garments and sleeves</span></a><span style="color: #ff6600;">:</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.telesto-medtech.com/"><b>Telesto Medtech - Compression Garments</b></a></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 24px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.noblemed.com/"><b>Reid Sleeve</b></a></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 24px;"><a href="http://www.solaris-tribute.com/"><b>Juzo</b></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #6699cc; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.solaris-tribute.com/"><b>Solaris - Tribute</b></a></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 24px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.bio-con.com/index.html"><b>Bio-Concepts</b></a></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 24px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.jovipak.com/"><b>JoviPak</b></a></span></div>
Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-30551197654814050982012-11-25T06:31:00.000-08:002012-11-25T06:31:35.480-08:00Secondary Leg Lymphedema<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Secondary Leg Lymphedema</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">Related terms: leg </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:swelling" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:swelling">swelling</a>, <span style="color: #073763;">leg</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=edema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="edema">edema</a>, <span style="color: #073763;">leg lymphoedema</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #e06666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Introduction</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">If you ask most people that are familiar with</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="lymphedema">lymphedema</a> <span style="color: #073763;">the question, “Are you aware of</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:secondary_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:secondary_lymphedema">secondary lymphedema</a><span style="color: #073763;">,” most would reply that “yes, it is where the arm swells after the </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymph_system" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymph_system">lymph system</a> <span style="color: #073763;">has been damaged by breast</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:cancer" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:cancer">cancer</a><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:biopsy" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:biopsy">biopsy</a> <span style="color: #073763;">and</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=treatment" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="treatment">treatment</a><span style="color: #073763;">.” This is called</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=arm_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="arm_lymphedema">arm lymphedema</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Even if they are aware that such a condition as secondary leg lymphedema exists, their response might well be that it is a small group of afflicted men who have prostate cancer.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Thus shows how little awareness there is about this particular form of lymphedema. Even in the lymphedema world it is a poor step-child.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>However, if the membership of Lymphedema People and the posts in the online lymphedema support groups are an indication, this condition is increasing dramatically.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The reasons for this increase are multiple. They include:</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">1. increased survival rates of <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:cancer" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:cancer">cancer</a></span> <span style="color: #073763;">2. improved treatment of </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:traumatic_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:traumatic_lymphedema">trauma injuries</a> <span style="color: #073763;">that previously would have been terminal 3. increase in</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:antibiotic" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:antibiotic">antibiotics</a> <span style="color: #073763;">for</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:infection" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:infection">infections</a> <span style="color: #073763;">and treatment for other conditions that previously might have resulted in death.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">It is also important to note that secondary leg lymphedema does not necessarily start immediately after the</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:traumatic_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:traumatic_lymphedema">injury or trauma</a>. <span style="color: #073763;">It may not start for years.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><i>What is secondary leg lymphedema?</i></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">Secondary lymphedema is a condition where the </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymphatic_system" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymphatic_system">lymphatic system</a> <span style="color: #073763;">has been damaged. The main job of this system is to move excess through and out of our bodies. When it becomes damaged or impaired, it is no longer able to accomplish this function and these fluids (lymph fluids) collect in the interstitial tissues of our legs. This causes leg swelling.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">Another important function of the </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymph_system" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymph_system">lymph system</a> <span style="color: #073763;">is to help our bodies fight</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=infections_associated_with_lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="infections_associated_with_lymphedema">infections</a><span style="color: #073763;">. With lymphedema, this ability is also weakened and the patient becomes more susceptible to infections.</span></b></span></div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><i>What causes secondary leg lymphedema?</i></span></strong></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Secondary leg lymphedema (also referred to as acquired lymphedema) is caused by or can develop as a results of:</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">1.) Surgeries involving the abdomen or legs where the </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymph_system" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymph_system">lymph system</a> <span style="color: #073763;">has been damaged. This includes any intrusive surgery.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Examples are</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">vein stripping surgery for peripheral vascular disease </span><a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_total_hip_replacement.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_total_hip_replacement.htm">hip replacement</a> <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_total_knee_replacement.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_total_knee_replacement.htm">knee replaement</a> <span style="color: #073763;">insertion of bolts, screws and other devices in orthopaedic repair lipectomy</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">2.) Removal of </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymph_nodes" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymph_nodes">lymph nodes</a> <span style="color: #073763;">for cancer biopsy. These cancers include, but are not limited to</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_prostate_cancer.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_prostate_cancer.htm">prostate cancer</a> <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=153" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=153">testicular cancer</a> <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=152" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=152">ovarian cancer</a> <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=152" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=152">uteran cancer</a> <span style="color: #073763;">vulva cancer bladder </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymphoma" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymphoma">lymphoma</a> - both <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=149" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=149">hodgkins</a> <span style="color: #073763;">and</span> <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_what_is_lymphoma.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_what_is_lymphoma.htm">non hodgkins</a><a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_melanoma.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_melanoma.htm">melanoma</a> <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_colon_cancer.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/thesite/lymphedema_and_colon_cancer.htm">colon</a> <a class="urlextern" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=641" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url(http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/lib/tpl/default/images/link_icon.gif); background-position: 0px 1px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: purple; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px 1px 16px; text-decoration: initial;" title="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=641">Kaposi Sarcoma</a></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">3.) Radiation treatment of these cancers that scars the </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymph_system" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymph_system">lymph system</a> <span style="color: #073763;">and</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymph_nodes" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymph_nodes">lymph nodes</a></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">4. Some types of chemo therapy. For example, tamoxifen has been linked to secondary lymphedema and</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:blood_clot" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:blood_clot">blood clots</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">5.) Severe </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:infection" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:infection">infection</a>s/<a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:sepsis" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:sepsis">sepsis</a>. <span style="color: #073763;">Generally referred to as</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymphangitis" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymphangitis">lymphangitis</a><span style="color: #073763;">, this is a serious life-threatening infection of the lymph system/nodes.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">6.) Trauma injuries such as those experienced in an automobile accident that severly injures the leg and the </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymph_system" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymph_system">lymph system</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>7.) Burns - this even includes severe sunburn. We have a member that acquired secondary leg lymphedema from this.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>8.) Bone breaks and fractures.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">9.) Morbid obesity - the</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymphatics" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymphatics">lymphatics</a> <span style="color: #073763;">are eventually crushed by the excessive weight. When that occurs, the damage is permanent and chronic secondary leg lymphedema begins.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>10.)Insect bites</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">11.)</span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:lymphatic_filariasis" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:lymphatic_filariasis">Parasitic infections</a></b></span></div>
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<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><i>What are some of the symptoms of secondary leg lymphedema?</i></span></strong></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>These symptoms may include:</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">1.) Unexplained </span><a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:swelling" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:swelling">swelling</a> <span style="color: #073763;">of either part of or the entire leg. In early stage</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=lymphedema" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="lymphedema">lymphedema</a>,<span style="color: #073763;"> this swelling will actually do down during the night and/or periods of rest, causing the patient to think it is just a passing thing and ignore it.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>2.) A feeling of heaviness or tightness in the leg</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>3.) Increaseing restriction on the range of motion for the leg.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>4.) Unsual or unexplained aching or discomfort in the leg.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">5.) Any change involving hardening and/or</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:fibrosis" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:fibrosis">thickening</a> <span style="color: #073763;">of the</span> <a class="wikilink1" href="http://www.lymphedemapeople.com/wiki/doku.php?id=glossary:skin" style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0) !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: initial;" title="glossary:skin">skin</a> <span style="color: #073763;">or areas of skin on the leg.</span></b></span></div>
Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-30043902277223494382012-11-14T07:48:00.004-08:002012-11-14T07:48:52.856-08:00Congenital Lymphedema : Another Unique and Gender Specific Stigmata of Tuberous Sclerosis?<br />
<div class="cit" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font: inherit; line-height: 1.45em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-size: large;"><b><span style="line-height: 1.125em;">Congenital</span><span style="line-height: 1.125em;"> </span><span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span><span style="line-height: 1.125em;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.125em;">: another unique and gender specific stigmata of tuberous sclerosis?</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 1.125em;"><span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Nov 2012</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 1.125em;"><span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Sukulal%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23144114" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sukulal K</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Namboodiri%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23144114" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Namboodiri N</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Cardiology, SCTIMST, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>We report a child of tuberous sclerosis with a rare association of congenital lymphedema and cardiac rhabdomyoma since birth.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A 3-month-old female child, born of non-consanguineous marriage , was detected soon after birth to have nonpitting edema of left lower limb extending from thigh to foot. Neurosonogram and USG abdomen were normal. Echocardiography revealed a 9 x 9 mm rounded pedunculated mass in LV outflow tract, attached to aorto-mitral continuity junction. Physical examination revealed multiple hypopigmented macules in right upper limb and trunk suggestive of ash leaf macules. X-ray chest and ECG was normal for age. Blood investigations were normal. The child’s father had a history of seizure disorder and was on antiepileptic drugs. His physical examination revealed hypopigmented to depigmented macules in both upper limbs and trunk, skin colored plaques with irregular border in lumbosacral region and multiple hyperpigmented to erythematous papules and small plaques over face suggestive of ash leaf macules, shagreen patches, and angiofibromas respectively.</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphedema is a chronic tissue swelling that is most commonly manifested in a limb. This condition results from impaired lymph drainage in the presence of normal capillary filtration. The three main consequences of lymphatic failure are lymphedema, infection and, very rarely, cancer [1]. Most forms of primary lymphedema are thought to be caused by a congenital abnormality of the lymphatic system and present at or soon after birth. Cardiac rhabdomyomas are intracavitary or intramural tumors that are present in nearly 50 to 70% of infants with tuberous sclerosis (TSC). Most children are asymptomatic. Symptoms are attributed to the presence of intracardiac obstruction, myocardial involvement, and rhythm disturbances [2].</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Congenital lymphedema is a rare association with tuberous sclerosis with only few cases reported earlier [3,4]. The previous reported patients were females but unlike our child, they presented with history of multiple seizures while our child had no seizures but instead had a cardiac rhabdomyoma detected incidentally. It is interesting to note that pulmonary lymphangio-myomatosis seen in tuberous sclerosis similarly occurs only in women which is hypothesized to be due to the fact that estrogen regulates TSC gene signalling and, perhaps, also the migration of TSC2-deficient cells [3].</b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>The pathophysiology of congenital lymphedema in tuberous sclerosis is yet unclear. Previous authors have suggested that it could be due to the dysplastic development of lymphatic system in the affected limb as part of TSC gene mutation as this gene regulates cell growth, proliferation and migration. Congenital lymphedema may also be due to the abnormal smooth cell hypertrophy in subcutaneous tissue which externally compresses the superficial lymphatics. An increased awareness of this association may help pediatricians suspect tuberous sclerosis in a female child when congenital lymphedema is the sole external manifestation.</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.indianpediatrics.net/oct2012/oct-845.htm">Indian Pediatrics</a></div>
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Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-26915987026486371202012-11-09T07:04:00.001-08:002012-11-09T07:04:13.940-08:00A newly designed SIPC device for management of lymphoedema.<br />
<span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>WARNING TO ALL LYMPHEDEMA PATIENTS</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>This abstract is a prime example of just how bad information can be that is presented even through PubMed.</b></span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphology 101 clearly shows that high pressure pneumatic devices can cause serious damage to the good lymphatics, making lymphedema even worse.</b></span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Read this for education, but please, please, please, what ever you do never ever ever set the compression level on high if you use a pneumatic device.</b></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>A newly designed SIPC device for management of lymphoedema.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23133201">PubMed</a></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Pat</b></span><br />
Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7881971586356987871.post-48724637232873407252012-11-07T08:38:00.002-08:002012-11-07T08:38:52.715-08:00Lambda-shaped anastomosis with intravascular stenting method for safe and effective lymphaticovenular anastomosis.<br />
<h1 style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font: inherit; line-height: 1.125em; margin: 0.375em 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-size: large;"><b>Lambda-shaped anastomosis with intravascular stenting method for safe and effective lymphaticovenular anastomosis.</b></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-size: large;"><b>2011</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yamamoto%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21532425" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Yamamoto T</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Narushima%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21532425" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Narushima M</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kikuchi%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21532425" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Kikuchi K</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yoshimatsu%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21532425" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Yoshimatsu H</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Todokoro%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21532425" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Todokoro T</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Mihara%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21532425" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Mihara M</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Koshima%20I%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21532425" style="border: 0px; color: #660066; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Koshima I</a>.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Source</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-size: large;"><b>Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. tyamamoto-tky@umin.ac.jp</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Abstract</b></span></h3>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-size: large;"><b>BACKGROUND:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="color: #073763; font-size: large;"><b>Lymphaticovenular anastomosis has become an increasingly common treatment for <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font-size: 15.600000381469727px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span>. Supermicrosurgical techniques are essential for the successful performance of lymphaticovenular anastomosis. A positive correlation between the number of lymphaticovenular anastomoses performed and therapeutic efficacy has been reported, and in performing these anastomoses, the establishment of as many bypasses as possible is important.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Verdana, Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #ea9999;">METHODS:</span> <span style="color: #073763;">Forty limbs of 20 patients with lower extremity lymphedema who underwent lymphaticovenular anastomosis in our department were assessed. All cases were performed under local anesthesia using two to four surgical microscopes. A new method of anastomosis, lambda-shaped anastomosis assisted by intravascular stenting, was chosen in required cases.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="text-transform: uppercase;"><span style="color: #ea9999;">RESULTS:</span> </span><span style="color: #073763;">Lymphaticovenular anastomoses resulted in 186 anastomoses on 20 patients with lower extremity <span class="highlight" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">lymphedema</span>; the average number of anastomoses per case was 9.3 (range, five to 18). The number of surgical microscopes used ranged from two to four (average, 3.3), and the duration of the operation ranged from 3 to 5 hours (average, 4.1). In the cases of lambda-shaped anastomosis (n = 11), the number of anastomoses was significantly greater than in the cases without lambda-shaped anastomosis (n = 9; 10.2 ± 2.3 versus 8.2 ± 1.4; p < 0.05).</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #ea9999; font-size: large;"><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b></span></h4>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #073763;">Lambda-shaped anastomosis assisted by intravascular stenting is a safe and relatively easy method that can be performed by surgeons with less than 1 year of experience in microsurgery. This in turn allows efficient lymphaticovenular anastomoses to be performed simultaneously</span> by a team of surgeons, resulting in an increased number of bypasses.</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2011&issue=05000&article=00028&type=abstract">Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins</a><br />
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<b style="background-color: white; color: red; line-height: 20.399999618530273px;"><span style="font-size: large;">*Editor's Note: Article is for information only and is NOT to be construed as an endorsement of the procedure, nor as a position of opposing the procedure.</span></b>Pat O'Connorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13638920419420663623noreply@blogger.com0